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SHIC Swine Disease Reports Help to Stay Updated on Global and Domestic Disease Trends

The Swine Health Information Center (SHIC) developed two systems for near real-time domestic and global swine disease monitoring. The information made available by these systems will help enable better, faster, and more effective response to endemic or foreign infectious production diseases. The June domestic report includes some noteworthy variation.

Background

In early 2018, the Swine Health Information Center (SHIC) started publishing monthly global and domestic disease monitoring reports from these programs to the SHIC website. Last month the global surveillance system expanded from surveillance of three tier-1 foreign swine diseases (ASF, CSF, FMD) to include other relevant diseases of swine such as porcine rotavirus, PEDV, and pseudorabies.

Domestic reports work to describe the dynamics of disease detection by pathogen or disease syndrome over time, specimen, age group, and geographical space. Featuring intuitive dashboards, predictive graphing works to estimate expected levels of percent positive cases considers the past three years' data. Any variation above or below expected trends are discussed, noted, and given context by the reports' advisory group. Veterinary diagnostic laboratory collaborators include Iowa State University and the University of Minnesota, with Kansas State University and South Dakota State University joining soon.

June Global Disease Monitoring Report Highlights (To see full report, click here).

No relevant news was generated for porcine rotavirus, PEDV, and pseudorabies.

No significant change of status concerning ASF in the EU, but there was a new outbreak on a farm in South Africa outside that country's ASF control zone.

June Domestic Disease Monitoring Report Highlights (To see full report, click here).

PRRS

There has been an increase of cases testing positive for PRRSv RNA by rRT-PCR in wean to market pigs this winter. This coincides with field observations of pigs in higher swine density areas being more likely to become infected with PRRS during grow-finish. During spring 2018 there was an increase in PRRS detection by PCR in sow farms. But processing fluid-based monitoring is more sensitive than individual pig serum-based monitoring schemes, increasing positives by 1.03 percent. The spike in PRRS detection coincides with a higher PRRSv incidence reported by the Morrison Swine Health Monitoring Project.

Corona Viruses

Delta corona virus (PDCoV) detection continues high relative to predicted values based on previous years. But increased detection of PDCoV does not appear to be associated with increased outbreaks in sow farms at this time of the year. Sow farms were 9.48 percent positive during 2018 winter and 9.88 percent positive for 2018 spring.

CNS Disease

There was a 15.38 percent increase in the number of CNS case detections in 2018 compared to 2017 during the spring months. Streptococcus suis continues to be the main pathogen associated with the syndrome.

Conclusion

To implement infectious disease control and management, precise, science-based information is required. By funding these projects, SHIC helps the industry toward better swine health information to positively impact the long-term sustainability of pork production.

Funded by America's pork producers to protect and enhance the health of the US swine herd, the Swine Health Information Center focuses its efforts on prevention, preparedness, and response. As a conduit of information and research, SHIC encourages sharing of its publications and research for the benefit of swine health. Forward, reprint, and quote SHIC material freely. For more information, visit http://www.swinehealth.org or contact Dr. Paul Sundberg at psundberg@swinehealth.org.